Precise orbit determination of a maneuvered GEO satellite using CAPS ranging data

Wheel-off-loadings and orbital maneuvers of the GEO satellite result in additional accelerations to the satellite itself. Complex and difficult to model, these time varying accelerations are an important error source of precise orbit determination (POD). In most POD practices, only non-maneuver orbital arcs are treated. However, for some applications such as satellite navigation RDSS services, uninterrupted orbital ephemeris is demanded, requiring the development of POD strategies to be processed both during and after an orbital maneuver. We in this paper study the POD for a maneuvered GEO satellite, using high precision and high sampling rate ranging data obtained with Chinese Area Positioning System (CAPS). The strategy of long arc POD including maneuver arcs is studied by using telemetry data to model the maneuver thrust process. Combining the thrust and other orbital perturbations, a long arc of 6 days’ CAPS ranging data is analyzed. If the telemetry data are not available or contain significant errors, attempts are made to estimate thrusting parameters using CAPS ranging data in the POD as an alternative to properly account for the maneuver. Two strategies achieve reasonably good data fitting level in the tested arc with the maximal position difference being about 20 m. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10703011) and the Science & Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality of China (Grant No. 06DZ22101)     

地球重力场空间探测: 回顾与展望

地球重力场的科学数据在地球测绘学、冰川学、陆地水循环、固体地球物理、灾害监控及国防军事等领域具有重要应用价值. 美、德合作研制的地球重力场反演与气候实验(gravity recovery and climate experiment, GRACE)卫星, 有力地推动了地球重力场测量、反演和应用. 为进一步提高重力卫星科学数据的时、空分辨率, 扩展应用领域, 中国及欧美等国都考虑发射升级的重力卫星, 即后GRACE 计划(GRACE-follow-on). 本文将简单回顾重力卫星的发展历程, 介绍重力卫星的数据采集技术和反演方法, 亦着重阐述后GRACE计划的测量方法学、关键技术及预期结果.      

A PRECISE INTEGRATION APPROACH FOR THE DYNAMIC-STIFFNESS MATRIX OF STRIP FOOTINGS ON A LAYERED MEDIUM 1）

提出应用精细积分算法计算多层地基的动力刚度问题.精细积分是计算层状介质中波传播的高效而精确的数值方法.利用傅里叶积分变换将层状地基的波动方程转换为频率-波数域内的两点边值问题的常微分方程组,运用精细积分方法求解格林函数,最后再将得到的频率-波数域内地基表面的动力刚度矩阵转换到频率-空间域内,进而得到刚性条带基础频率域的动力柔度或刚度矩阵.所建议的精细积分算法,可以避免一般传递矩阵计算中的指数溢出问题,对各种情况有广泛的适应性,计算稳定,在高频段可以保障收敛性,并能达到较高的计算精度.     

基于二阶系统解耦的精细积分格式下动载荷时域识别

基于模态分析法的载荷识别方法利用模态矩阵获得系统的非耦合形式,推导单自由度系统的载荷识别公式,但要求系统为比例阻尼。在模态模型基础上,对一般系统建立基于二阶系统解耦的动载荷时域识别模型。首先,利用基于Lancaster结构的二阶系统解耦方法推导出系统的非耦合形式;然后,采用精细逐步积分方法,在载荷为阶跃力的假设下,推导出载荷识别数学公式;最后,由系统实时响应反求结构载荷的时间历程。数值算例验证了本文方法针对比例阻尼系统较模态模型具有更高的精度,而且对非比例阻尼系统也有效可行。     

啁啾相移光纤光栅分布式应变与应变点精确定位传感研究

利用啁啾相移光纤光栅狭缝的中心波长对应变点和应变量的波长敏感性,实现应变与应变点精确定位的传感.当啁啾光纤光栅上的某一位置产生微应变时,该应变点会产生相移,其频谱则会出现一个与之对应的狭缝,且狭缝的深度和中心波长与应变的大小和位置相关.当串接不同中心波长的啁啾光纤光栅后,即可实现一定范围内的分布式应变与应变点精确定位检测.本文通过V-I传输矩阵法建立了狭缝深度和中心波长关于应变量和应变位置的理论模型,分析结果表明理论上可以实现微米量级的精确定位.搭建了级联啁啾相移光纤光栅的分布式应变传感装置,实验获得的最大应变灵敏度为0.19 pm/με.该精确定位传感装置在先进制造、精密加工、航空航天、铁路系统等高新技术领域具有重要的应用前景.     

黏塑性本构计算的稳定性分析

提出本构方程计算方法的稳定性问题,针对黏塑性本构计算的显式精确算法的稳定性进行分析,发现该算法并非无条件稳定,使用小扰动方法给出了其计算稳定的必要条件,稳定性条件对数值计算中的时间步长提出限制要求。通过有限元算例验证了分析的正确性,计算结果也表明理论推导得到的稳定性公式能够准确预测满足计算稳定性条件要求的最大时间步长与各参数之间关系。     

Single-molecular methodologies for the physical biology of protein machines

Physical biology is an interdisciplinary field that bridges biology with physical sciences and engineering. Single-molecule physical biology focuses on dynamics of individual biomolecules and complexes, aiming to answering basic questions about their functions and mechanisms. It takes advantages of physical methodologies to gain quantitative understanding of biological processes, often engaging precise physical measurements of reconstructed objects to avoid interference from unnecessary complications. In this review, we (i) briefly introduce concepts of single-molecule physical biology, (ii) describe extensively used single-molecule methodologies that have been developed to address key questions in two important objects of single-molecule physical biology, namely, nucleic acid-interacting proteins and membrane-interacting proteins, and (iii) show by a few successful examples how one may use single-molecule methods to deepen our understanding of protein machines.     

Precise asymptotics of complete moment convergence on moving average

Let {ξi,-∞i∞} be a doubly infinite sequence of identically distributed-mixing random variables with zero means and finite variances,{ai,-∞i∞} be an absolutely summable sequence of real numbers and X k =∑i=-∞+∞ aiξi+k be a moving average process.Under some proper moment conditions,the precise asymptotics are established for     

奇异Hamilton系统矩阵的精细积分法

常规位移有限元的结构振动方程是n个二阶常微分方程组.采用一般交分原理推导,将结构振动问题引入Hamiltoil体系,将得到2n个一阶常微分方程组.精细积分法宜于处理一阶方程,应用于线性定常结构动力问题求解,可以得到在数值上逼近精确解的结果.对于非齐次动力方程,当结构具有刚体位移时,系统矩阵将出现奇异.本文借鉴全元选大元高斯-约当法求解线性方程组的经验,提出全元选大元法求奇异矩阵零本征解的方法,该方法可以简便快速地寻求奇异矩阵零本征值对应的子空间.利用Hamiltoil体系已有研究成果及Hamilton系统的共轭辛正交归一关系,迅速将零本征值对应的子空间分离出来,通过投影排除奇异部分,然后用精细积分法求得问题的解.数值算例表明,该方法对Hamilton系统奇异问题,处理方便,计算量小,易于实现,同时保持了精细算法的优点.     

TRANSFER MATRIX METHOD FOR ANALYZING VIBRATION AND DAMPING CHARACTERISTICS OF ROTATIONAL SHELL WITH PASSIVE CONSTRAINED LAYER DAMPING TREATMENT

The first order differential matrix equations of the host shell and constrained layer for a sandwich rotational shell are derived based on the thin shell theory.Employing the layer wise principle and first order shear deformation theory, only considering the shearing deformation of the viscoelastic layer, the integrated first order differential matrix equation of a passive constrained layer damping rotational shell is established by combining with the normal equilibrium equation of the viscoelastic layer.A highly precise transfer matrix method is developed by extended homogeneous capacity precision integration technology.The numerical results show that present method is accurate and effective.